排序方式： 共有71条查询结果，搜索用时 15 毫秒
21.
Marida Ergazaki Aspa Alexaki Chrysa Papadopoulou Marieleni Kalpakiori 《Science & Education》2014,23(2):303-323
This paper aims at exploring (a) whether preschoolers recognize that offspring share physical traits with their parents due to birth and behavioural ones due to nurture, and (b) whether they seem ready to explain shared physical traits with a ‘pre-biological’ causal model that includes the contribution of both parents and a rudimentary notion of genes. This exploration is supposed to provide evidence for our next step, which is the development of an early years’ learning environment about inheritance. Conducting individual, semi-structured interviews with 90 preschoolers (age 4.5–5.5) of four public kindergartens in Patras, we attempted to trace their reasoning about (a) whether and why offspring share physical and behavioural traits with parents and (b) which mechanism could better explain the shared physical traits. The probes were a modified six-case version of Solomon et al. (Child Dev 67:151–171, 1996) ‘adoption task, as well as a three-case task based on Springer’s (Child Dev 66:547–558, 1995) ‘mechanism task’ and on Solomon and Johnson’s (Br J Dev Psychol 18(1):81–96, 2000) idea of genes as a ‘conceptual placeholder’. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the interviews showed overlapping reasoning about the origin of physical and behavioural family resemblance. Nevertheless, we did trace the ‘birth-driven’ argument for the attribution of the offspring’s physical traits to the biological parents, as well as a preference for the ‘pre-biological’ model that introduces a rudimentary idea of genes in order to explain shared physical traits between parents and offspring. The findings of the study and the educational implications are thoroughly discussed. 相似文献
22.
Research lauds the benefits of parent involvement in the schools, yet many schools and communities have not achieved desired
levels of involvement. Underlying expectations and methods soliciting parent involvement may be rooted in cultural misperceptions.
This study, based on Epstein’s (1987) Overlapping Spheres of Influence model, explored the ways and extent that community
members, school staff, and Samoan families interact regarding a public middle school. Qualitative research methods (interviews
and observations) involved parents, teachers, administrators, and community agency members and officials in participatory
action research. Findings displayed a base of cultural differences regarding parent involvement: Samoan parents were expected
to participate in school events and assist children with homework, yet Samoan culture has historically divided the parents’
responsibilities from the teachers’ responsibilities. Parents identified their responsibilities for children’s spirituality
and discipline and viewed academic matters as solely the responsibility of teachers. The school’s new activities, parents’
shifting focus, and community members’ diverse actions are demonstrating a start of change. This research supports the need
for school personnel to understand the cultural roots of minority families’ parent involvement practices.
Marianna F. Valdez is a Ph.D. Candidate in Community and Cultural Psychology. She completed her M.A. degree at the University
of Hawaii and B.A. degree at Tulane University. Her research interests involve the development, implementation, and evaluation
of culturally appropriate community programs, especially related to the public school setting. She is most interested in understanding
and representing emic perspectives to drive action research, informed by culturalist approaches and mixed methods.
Peter W. Dowrick is Professor of Disability Studies and affiliate graduate faculty in Psychology at the University of Hawaii.
He completed his Ph.D. at the University of Auckland, ATCL at Trinity College London, M.Sc. at the University of Auckland,
and B.Sc. at the Victoria University of Wellington. He has wide experience working with people marginalized by culture, disability,
mental health, and other considerations. His consultation on prevention and intervention extends to 31 states and 21 countries.
His overarching contribution has been in the concepts of feedforward and creating futures, applied in situations of personal
safety, serious mental illness, social behavior, sports and recreation, daily living, literacy, academic skills, health, housing,
management, and jobs, among others.
Ashley E. Maynard is Associate Professor in the Department of Psychology at the University of Hawaii. She completed her Ph.D.
at the University of California, Los Angeles, M.A. at the University of California, Los Angeles, and B.A. at the University
of Virginia. She studies the interrelationships of culture, contexts of child development, and healthy cognitive and social
development of children. Based on a socio-cultural paradigm, the theoretical question that lies at the heart of her research
program is the ways in which a variety of culturally based activity settings influence adaptive pathways of development for
children and families. She teaches courses in Developmental Psychology and Culture and Human Development. 相似文献
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
Marianna Tax Choldin 《Slavic & East European Information Resources》2013,14(4):313-325
ABSTRACTIn this article, the author recalls her professional relationship and close, personal friendship with Katia Genieva, the long-time director of the Library for Foreign Literature in Moscow. 相似文献
28.
Panayiota Kendeou Timothy C. Papadopoulos Marianna Kotzapoulou 《Reading and writing》2013,26(2):189-204
The main aim of the present study was to empirically test the emergence of the Simple View of Reading (SVR) in a transparent orthography, and specifically in Greek. To do so, we examined whether the constituent components of the SVR could be identified in young, Greek-speaking children even before the beginning of formal reading instruction. Our investigation focused on Kindergarten children and examined the dissociation of decoding-related and language comprehension skills using Exploratory Factor Analysis. All children were administered a battery of decoding-related and comprehension measures. The analysis demonstrated that comprehension and decoding-related measures loaded as distinct factors in young Greek-speaking children and that the two factors were weakly correlated. The present findings provide important support for the validity of the SVR framework as a model of reading skills acquisition in a language with a transparent orthography, such as Greek. 相似文献
29.
Marianna Papastephanou 《Educational Philosophy and Theory》2013,45(7):718-734
The conception of time that dominates in the educational world of today is that of measurable, invested and managed chronological time. It is the conception of time that corresponds to current priorities such as performativity, global synchronization of educational systems, raising standards and meeting the challenges of the market. The educational transformation of the self and the world, however, requires another conception of time, one that frames another kind of thought and another meaning of education. This article discusses these two conceptions of time by employing the distinction between chronos and kairos. The aim is not to turn this distinction into a dichotomy; instead, the aim is to recuperate the conception of time as kairos and connect it with a desire of philosophy and with education as a lifelong effort towards transformation rather than success. In a complex relation with chronosophy as time management, kairosophy is thus introduced as a critical reflection on lived time. 相似文献
30.
Pavlina Hadjitheodoulou-Loizidou Marianna Fokaidou Stelios Papamarkou 《Education 3-13》2013,41(5):532-546
The project My house of value was implemented at a fourth grade primary school classroom for 10-year-old students in Nicosia, Cyprus. The main goal of the project was to examine how pupils realise identity and diversity in their broad sense, how they deal with stereotypical thoughts and how they understand interaction in both positive and negative ways. This was achieved through certain activities during the art lesson, which gave them the opportunity to express themselves in various ways. The method included observation and discussion in classroom, analysis of teachers' diaries and students' works and interviews with students reflecting on the various activities of the project. The final results showed that many pupils could realise that the diversities between identities are more than similarities, but this fact was not necessarily negative. They also became aware of stereotypical thinking concerning the self and the other. They also realised the complication of human intercultural encounters since emotions and experiences are involved. Finally, they concluded that the different ways of knowing the other include different means of communication. The implementation of the project showed that such activities can have a positive impact on pupils especially if they are incorporated in everyday curriculum and classroom practice. 相似文献